What is this?
Candidiasis is a
fungal infection caused by Candida, a type of yeast. Candida
naturally exists on the skin and in various parts of the body, such as the
mouth, throat, gut, and vagina. It only causes symptoms and infections when it
grows excessively.
Vaginal candidiasis,
or yeast infections, are among the most prevalent fungal infections. Candida
overgrowth can also occur in the mouth or throat, leading to thrush, or in the
esophagus, which is the tube connecting the throat to the gut.
Invasive candidiasis
occurs in hospitalized patients when Candida infects internal organs like the
kidneys or brain, or enters the bloodstream (candidemia). The symptoms and
severity of invasive candidiasis differ significantly from the more common
forms of candidiasis affecting the vagina, mouth, throat, and esophagus.
Generally, healthy individuals are not at risk for invasive candidiasis.
Various species of
Candida reside on the skin and within different parts of the body, typically
without causing any health issues. The most common species that can overgrow
and lead to candidiasis include Candida albicans, Candida
glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, and Candida
krusei.
Symptoms of
candidiasis vary based on the infected body part.
Here are some
examples of infection types and their symptoms:
●
Vaginal
candidiasis (yeast infection): vaginal itching, soreness, and discharge.
●
Candidiasis
in the mouth and throat (thrush): white patches, redness, or soreness.
●
Candidiasis
in the esophagus: pain and difficulty swallowing.
●
Invasive
candidiasis: fever and chills are common. Symptoms depend on where the
infection spreads, such as to the organs or bloodstream (candidemia).
People who develop
invasive candidiasis are typically already ill, making it difficult to identify
specific symptoms.
How is it transmitted?
Candidiasis is
generally not considered a contagious disease in the traditional sense.
However, it can be transmitted under certain conditions:
Generally, the risk
of transmission is low among healthy individuals, and candidiasis usually
occurs due to an overgrowth of Candida already present in the body, often
triggered by factors like a weakened immune system, antibiotic use, or hormonal
changes.
●
Follow-Up: It's important for patients to complete the full course of
treatment even if symptoms improve before the medication is finished.
●
Prevention: Maintaining good hygiene, managing underlying conditions,
and avoiding unnecessary antibiotic use can help prevent candidiasis.
●
Medical Consultation: Always consult a healthcare provider for
proper diagnosis and tailored treatment, especially for recurrent or severe
cases.
How to avoid it?
Many women will
experience vaginal candidiasis (yeast infections) at some point in their lives.
To reduce the risk, consider the following measures:
●
Wear
cotton underwear.
●
Choose
breathable clothing that is not too tight.
●
Keep
the area clean and dry.
Candidiasis of the
mouth or throat (thrush) To help prevent candidiasis in the mouth and throat,
consider the following measures:
●
Maintain
good oral hygiene.
Rinse your mouth or brush your teeth after using inhaled corticosteroids.